muscle mnemonics origin, insertion action

Suprahyoid muscles are superior to it, and the infrahyoid muscles are located inferiorly. It has three heads: long, lateral, and medial. The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. The muscles of the anterior neck are arranged to facilitate swallowing and speech. It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. Each of these actions can be described in one of two ways. This muscle chart eBook covers the following regions: This eBook contains high-quality illustrations and validated information about each muscle. Depresses mandible when hyoid is fixed; elevates hyoid when mandible is fixed; Posterior belly; facial nerve Anterior belly mylohyoid nerve, Elevates and retracts hyoid; elongates floor of mouth, Elevates floor of mouth in initial stage of swallowing, Depresses mandible when hyoid; elevates and protracts hyoid when mandible is fixed, Depresses hyoid after it has been elevated, Depresses the hyoid during swallowing and speaking, Depresses hyoid; Elevates larynx when hyoid is fixed, Depresses larynx after it has been elevated in swallowing and vocalization, Temporal bone (mastoid process); occipital bone, Unilaterally tilts head up and to the opposite side; Bilaterally draws head forward and down, Occiput between the superior and inferior nuchal line, Extends and rotates the head to the opposite side, Posterior rami of middle cervical and thoracic nerves, Unilaterally and ipsilaterally flexes and rotates the head; Bilaterally extends head, Posterior margin of mastoid process and temporal bone, Extends and hyperextends head; flexes and rotates the head ipsilaterally, Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic nerves (C6 to T4), Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head forward, Individually: rotates head to opposite side; bilaterally: flexion, Individually: laterally flexes and rotates head to same side; bilaterally: extension, Transverse and articular processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra, Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head backward, Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra. Find it on your own body if you can. Do you struggle with straight memorization? This results in a restricted range of motion. Conversely, you can say the elbow is proximal to the wrist. It causes extension of the IP joints, the MP joints, and wrist. Finally, synergist muscles enhance the action of the agonist. Term. The suprahyoid muscles raise the hyoid bone, the floor of the mouth, and the larynx during deglutition. Muscle: Abductor pollicis longus - Origin: - Posterior surfaces of radius and ulna - Interosseous membrane - Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal - Action: - Radial deviation of wrist - Abduction of thumb at CMC joint - Nerve Supply: Deep branch of radial nerve. The serratus anterior muscle originates from the 1st to 8th or 9th rib s and inserts at the anterior surface of the scapula. When they contract bilaterally, the head flexes or extends. Teres Major. It acts as a weak flexor of the wrist and tenses the palmar aponeurosis (fascia) during grip. Groups of muscles are involved in most movements and names are used to describe the role of each muscle involved. The insertion then, is the attachment of a muscle on the more moveable bone. iliacus - origin: ilium fossa origin: along spinus process of vertebrae and occipital bone Thenar eminence:It consists of three muscle: flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, and the opponens pollicis. Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm (spirals underarm to front . Kenhub. '1 2 me, 3 4 u' (One to me, three for you). The Peripheral Nervous System, Chapter 18. Supinator muscle:It is a small muscle that arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, the supinator crest of the ulna, as well as the annular and radial collateral ligaments that support the radius against the ulna. Insertion: Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia A skeletal muscle attaches to bone (or sometimes other muscles or tissues) at two or more places. Next to each muscle, youll find its origin(s), insertion(s), innervation(s) and function(s). It arises from the anterior surface of the radius and adjacent interosseous membrane. The neurovascular bundle (intercostal nerve, artery and vein) will separate these two muscles. The muscle has dual innervation. Remaining 0 Correct 0 Wrong 0 Press play! I highly recommend you use this site! action: elevates scapula, The posterior hamstring muscle group - It is the chief medial rotator of the shoulder and modulates the movement of the deltoid. Additional muscles of facial expression are presented in Figure 11.4.2. The biceps brachii originates on the front of the scapula of the shoulder and inserts on the front of the radius in the forearm. 1 / 24. If youve ever attempted to learn the origins, insertions, innervations, and functions of all 600+ muscles in the body youll know what a soul-destroying task it can be. The movements would be used in bowling or swing your arms while walking. An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. They work on the hyoid bone, with the suprahyoid muscles pulling up and the infrahyoid muscles pulling down. These final muscles make up your calf. The stylohyoid muscle moves the hyoid bone posteriorly, elevating the larynx, and the mylohyoid muscle lifts it and helps press the tongue to the top of the mouth. The brachialis originates on the humerus, and it inserts on the front of the ulna. The palatoglossus originates on the soft palate to elevate the back of the tongue, and the hyoglossus originates on the hyoid bone to move the tongue downward and flatten it. Let's take a look at forearm flexion and identify the roles of the different muscles involved. Hamstring Anatomy Mnemonics - Origin, Insertion, Innervation & Action No views Aug 11, 2022 0 Dislike Share Save Memorize Medical 125 subscribers Easy ways to learn and remember the. L: lateral two lumbricals. It causes flexion of the interphalangeal joint (IP joint) of the thumb, as well as flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint (MP joint). The extrinsic muscles move the whole tongue in different directions, whereas the intrinsic muscles allow the tongue to change its shape (such as, curling the tongue in a loop or flattening it). 0% 0:00.0 For example, upper limb muscles are grouped by shoulder and arm, forearm and hand. Muscles that move the eyeballs are extrinsic, meaning they originate outside of the eye and insert onto it. The thyrohyoid muscle also elevates the larynxs thyroid cartilage, whereas the sternothyroid depresses it. Here I discuss an alternative way to learn muscles and their origin(s), insertion(s), and action(s).Key Takeaways. Dimitrios Mytilinaios MD, PhD This website provides entertainment value only, not medical advice or nursing protocols. Lumbricals:These are worm like muscles that originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus. In our cheat sheets, youll find the origin(s) and insertion(s) of every muscle. The scaphoid bone forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox and articulates with the radius at the wrist. The insertion is usually distal, or further away, while the origin is proximal, or closer to the body, relative to the insertion. Take a free major muscles anatomy quiz to test your knowledge, or review our muscle song video. Rhomboid major muscle:This is a ribbon like rhomboid shaped muscle that arises from the spinous processes of the T2-T5 (T = thoracic) vertebraeand inserts onto the medial border of the scapula. Latissimus dorsi muscle :This is a large, fan shaped superficial muscle which has a large area of origin. Flex and extend the muscle and feel its movements at the origin, midpoint, and insertion. inserion: medial border of scapula Each of these muscles has a name; for example, again, the biceps brachii and now the triceps brachii, responsible for both forearm flexion and forearm extension, respectively. 1.2 Structural Organization of the Human Body, 2.1 Elements and Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter, 2.4 Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, 2.5 Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, 3.2 The Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles, 4.3 Connective Tissue Supports and Protects, 5.3 Functions of the Integumentary System, 5.4 Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System, 6.6 Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones, and Bone Tissue, 6.7 Calcium Homeostasis: Interactions of the Skeletal System and Other Organ Systems, 7.6 Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton, 8.5 Development of the Appendicular Skeleton, 10.3 Muscle Fiber Excitation, Contraction, and Relaxation, 10.4 Nervous System Control of Muscle Tension, 10.8 Development and Regeneration of Muscle Tissue, 11.1 Describe the roles of agonists, antagonists and synergists, 11.2 Explain the organization of muscle fascicles and their role in generating force, 11.3 Explain the criteria used to name skeletal muscles, 11.4 Axial Muscles of the Head Neck and Back, 11.5 Axial muscles of the abdominal wall and thorax, 11.6 Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs, 11.7 Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs, 12.1 Structure and Function of the Nervous System, 13.4 Relationship of the PNS to the Spinal Cord of the CNS, 13.6 Testing the Spinal Nerves (Sensory and Motor Exams), 14.2 Blood Flow the meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid Production and Circulation, 16.1 Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System, 16.4 Drugs that Affect the Autonomic System, 17.3 The Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus, 17.10 Organs with Secondary Endocrine Functions, 17.11 Development and Aging of the Endocrine System, 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity, 20.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels, 20.2 Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, and Resistance, 20.4 Homeostatic Regulation of the Vascular System, 20.6 Development of Blood Vessels and Fetal Circulation, 21.1 Anatomy of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems, 21.2 Barrier Defenses and the Innate Immune Response, 21.3 The Adaptive Immune Response: T lymphocytes and Their Functional Types, 21.4 The Adaptive Immune Response: B-lymphocytes and Antibodies, 21.5 The Immune Response against Pathogens, 21.6 Diseases Associated with Depressed or Overactive Immune Responses, 21.7 Transplantation and Cancer Immunology, 22.1 Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System, 22.6 Modifications in Respiratory Functions, 22.7 Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System, 23.2 Digestive System Processes and Regulation, 23.5 Accessory Organs in Digestion: The Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder, 23.7 Chemical Digestion and Absorption: A Closer Look, 25.1 Internal and External Anatomy of the Kidney, 25.2 Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney: Anatomy of the Nephron, 25.3 Physiology of Urine Formation: Overview, 25.4 Physiology of Urine Formation: Glomerular Filtration, 25.5 Physiology of Urine Formation: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion, 25.6 Physiology of Urine Formation: Medullary Concentration Gradient, 25.7 Physiology of Urine Formation: Regulation of Fluid Volume and Composition, 27.3 Physiology of the Female Sexual System, 27.4 Physiology of the Male Sexual System, 28.4 Maternal Changes During Pregnancy, Labor, and Birth, 28.5 Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages. Muscles involved in chewing must be able to exert enough pressure to bite through and then chew food before it is swallowed (Figure 11.4.4 and Table 11.4). Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. It is also innervated by the median nerve. Extensor digitorum muscle:This muscle lies in the extensor compartment and arises from the lateral epicondyle. The erector spinae group forms the majority of the muscle mass of the back and it is the primary extensor of the vertebral column. Generally the muscles in the same compartment insert into the same bone. The Colles fracture is a fracture of the distal radius (within two centimetres of the wrist joint) with associated dorsal translocation of the distal fragment. The transversospinales include the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, and rotatores. Although the tongue is obviously important for tasting food, it is also necessary for mastication, deglutition (swallowing), and speech (Figure 11.4.5 and Figure 11.4.6). All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. remember this mnemonic: Aortic hiatus=12 letters =T12 Esophageal =10 letters= T10 Vena cava = 8 letters = T8 Brachialis muscle:This is the deep primary flexor of the elbow and arises from the lower part of the anterior surface of the humerus. The rotator cuff is formed by four muscles, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Identify the following muscles and give their origins, insertions, actions and innervations: Axial muscles of the head neck and back The skeletal muscles are divided into axial (muscles of the trunk and head) and appendicular (muscles of the arms and legs) categories. Origin: Clavicle, sternum, cartilages of ribs 1-7 Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle of humerus Action: flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm, Origin: Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially, and laterally rotates arm, Origin: thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus (spirals from your back under your arm) Action: adducts humerus (pulls shoulder back and down), Origin: Lateral border of scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Action: Laterally rotates and adducts arm, stabilizes shoulder joint, Origin: Long head; superior margin of glenoid fossa Short Head; Coracoid process of scapula Insertion: Radial Tuberosity Action: Flexes arm, flexes forearm, supinates hand, Origin: Anterior, distal surface of humerus Insertion: coronoid process of ulna Action: Flexes forearm, Origin: Infraglenoid tuberosity of scapula, lateral and posterior surface of humerus Insertion: Olecranon process, tuberosity of ulna Action: Extends and adducts arm, extends forearm, Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: styloid process of radius Action: Flexes forearm, Origin: Symphysis Pubis (inferior ramus of pubis) We strive for 100% accuracy, but nursing procedures and state laws are constantly changing. This website helped me pass! insertion: lesser trochanter of femur, Characteristic of the Sympathetic and Parasym, Practical #1 (Anatomical position and terms,, ohio life insurance missed questions and answ. The problem? Youll be able to clearly visualize muscle locations and understand how they relate to surrounding structures. The flexor pollicis brevis acts to flex the thumb at the 1st MP joint and is innervated by the median nerve. Muscle origins and insertions dictate the type of movement that occurs when a muscle contracts. The middle fibers retract (adduct). The action of the muscle describes what happens when the more mobile bone is brought toward the more stable bone during a muscular contraction. Tearing most commonly occurs in the tendon of supraspinatus. This necrosis lead to a flattened thenar eminence (thumb mound palmar surface). 3. Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Wider than semmitendonosis The short head arises from the coracoid process and both heads unite. Print Muscle Origin and Insertion: Definition and Actions Worksheet 1. Do you want an efficient way to remember the arm muscles? The back muscles stabilize and move the vertebral column, and are grouped according to the lengths and direction of the fascicles. A rule of thumb is that any muscle tendon that crosses a joint will act on that joint. When the whole muscle acts as a unit it acts as a medial rotator and adductor the arm at the shoulder. The patient will present with tenderness within the anatomical snuffbox. Both these muscles are known as the punching muscles as they contribute to radial deviation of the wrist, which is essential for boxers. (Superior part: Anterior surface of superior angle. The longus is innervated by the radial nerve and the brevis by the posterior interosseous branch. Test your knowledge on the muscles of the hand with the following quiz. 2023 The major muscle that laterally flexes and rotates the head is the sternocleidomastoid. It is best studied broken down into its components: regions, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. action: extend the neck ; retract and adduct scapulae, posterior It inserts into the medial aspect of the 5th metacarpal. Facial muscles are different in that they create facial movements and expressions by pulling on the skinno bone movements are involved. Its innervation is from the upper suprascapular nerve. The buccinator muscle compresses the cheek. It is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve, a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. The insertions of these muscles have fibers intertwined with connective tissue and the dermis of the skin. The muscles discussed below are essential to everyday life and advanced movements such as writing. All the intrinsic muscles of hand are supplied by the deep . The muscle causes flexion of the wrist, and radial deviation when it acts with extensor carpi radialis. Additionally, these muscles switch roles with opposite movements. It can be observed when a patient circumducts (circle movement) the affected upper limb. The actions and innervation are the same as the rhomboid major. At the end of this video, you will be able to: 20 chapters | All Rights Reserved. It inserts onto the medial border of the scapula just superior to the rhomboid major. Inferior dislocations are the least common and make the upper limb appears as if you are holding your upper limb upwards. Memorizethe superficial forearm flexors usingthe followingmnemonic! The splenius muscles originate at the midline and run laterally and superiorly to their insertions. All three heads unite and insert onto the olecranon process and fascia of the ulna. Muscle memory is a form of procedural memory that involves consolidating a specific motor task into memory through repetition, which has been used synonymously with motor learning. Themedial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles provide assistance in chewing and moving food within the mouth by moving the mandible laterally and medially to grind food between the molars. Memorize Muscles, Origins, and Insertions with Cartoons and Mnemonics: 46 Muscles of the Lower Quadrant [Print Replica] Kindle Edition by Byron Moffett (Author) Format: Kindle Edition 24 ratings See all formats and editions Kindle $9.99 Read with Our Free App It is innervated by spinal nerves C3-C4 and C5 via the posterior (dorsal) scapular nerve. The muscles acts to flex the proximal IP joints as it primary function. Its action is elevation of the scapula as well as superior rotation of the scapula. Serratus anterior muscle:This muscle is so named due to its anterior digitations that have a serrated or finger-like appearance. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Deltoid, Latissimus dorsi, Supinator, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor indicis proprius, Extensor digiti minimi, Brachioradialis, Thenar eminence, Hypothenar eminence, Interossei, Lumbricals, Inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula, Intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus (arm), Lateral border of the scapula (middle part), Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet), Lateral rotation of the arm, stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet), Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior facet), Assistance in arm abduction,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Medial rotation of the arm,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Transverse process of the atlas and axis, posterior tubercles C3 and C4, Posterior surface of the medial scapular border (from the superior angle to the root of the spine of the scapula), Anterior rami of the nerves C3 and C4, dorsal scapular nerve (branch of the C5), Superior nuchal line, external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, Spinal accessory nerve; C3 and C4 spinal nerves, Elevation, depression, and retraction of the scapula, Medial half of the clavicle (clavicular head); anterior surface of the sternum, 1st to 6th costal cartilages, aponeurosis of, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus, Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and the fascia overlying the intercostal spaces, Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula, Protraction of the scapula, pulls the coracoid process anteriorly and inferiorly, accessory muscle in respiratory, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, Abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint, Spinous processes of T7-L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, X-XII ribs, Distal half of the anterior side of the humerus and intermuscular septa, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, supinator of the forearm, accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, Anterior surface of the ulna (distal quarter), Anterior surface of the radius (distal quarter), Forearm pronationand binding of the radius and ulna, Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane, Proximal parts of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane, Bases of the phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part), bases of the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Ulnar nerve (medial part), anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part), Flexion of the distal phalanges at the interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part) and of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna (humero-ulnar head) and superior half of anterior border (ulnar head), Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits, Flexion of middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle four digits, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head), coronoid process of the ulna (ulnar head), Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, crest of the ulna, supinator fossa, radial collateral and anular ligaments, Surface of the proximal third of the radial shaft, Posterior surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges (2nd-5th), Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the radial nerve), Extension of the index, middle, ring and little fingers, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior border of the ulna, Medial side of the base of the metacarpal V, Posterior side of the distal third of the ulnar shaft; interosseous membrane, Proximal two-thirds of the supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus, Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius, Forearm flexion, especially during mid-pronation, Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones, Thumb flexion, abduction, and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition, Abduction of the 5th digit and flexion assistance of the proximal phalanx, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Sides of two adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei), Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension, Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus, Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits, Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits.